Head and Face
1. What bones are joined to form the lambda?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
2. What bones are joined to form the bregma?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
3. What two (2) bones contribute to the zygomatic arch?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
4. What four (4) bones contribute to the formation of the pterion?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________
5. At approximately what age does the anterior fontanelle become no longer palpable?
____________________________________________________________
6. What structure divides the intracranial compartment into right and left halves?
____________________________________________________________
7. What structure divides the intracranial compartment into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments?
____________________________________________________________
8. What are the five (5) layers of the scalp?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________
e. ______________________________________________________
9. What branch of the external carotid artery:
a. is palpable along the inferior border of the mandible?
______________________________________________________
b. supplies the structure of the tongue?
______________________________________________________
c. is palpable in the temporal fossa?
______________________________________________________
d. supplies part of the thyroid gland?
______________________________________________________
e. enters the pterygopalatine fossa?
______________________________________________________
10. What artery anastomoses from the front with the intraorbital branches of the ophthalmic artery?
______________________________________________________
11. What dural venous sinus:
a. lies in the superior margin of the falx cerebri?
______________________________________________________
b. lies in the inferior margin of the falx cerebri?
______________________________________________________
c. lies along the petrous ridge?
______________________________________________________
d. lies immediately lateral to the sella turcica?
______________________________________________________
e. at the junction of the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli?
______________________________________________________
12. Which two (2) dural venous sinuses drain directly into the jugular vein?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
13. What artery enters the cranial cavity by passing through the foramen magnum?
_____________________________________________________________
14. What artery enters the cranial cavity by passing through the foramen spinosum?
_____________________________________________________________
15. What two (2) arteries are connected by way of the anterior communication artery?
a. _______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
16. What two (2) arteries are connected by way of the posterior communication artery?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
17. What are the five (5) major intracranial branches of the internal carotid artery?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________
e. ______________________________________________________
18. What cranial nerve passes through the parotid gland?
____________________________________________________________
19. What are the four (4) muscles of mastication?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________
20. What cranial nerve mediates sensation from the:
a. forehead over the eyebrows
______________________________________________________
b. skin over the maxilla
______________________________________________________
c. skin over the mental tubercle
______________________________________________________
21. What cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
____________________________________________________________
a. What is the location of the postganglionic cell body?
______________________________________________________
22. What cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and submaxillary glands?
_____________________________________________________________
a. What is the location of the postganglionic cell body?
______________________________________________________
23. What cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the lacrimal gland?
_____________________________________________________________
a. What is the location of the postganglionic cell body?
_____________________________________________________
24. What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression?
_____________________________________________________________
25. What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the muscles of mastication?
_____________________________________________________________
26. What cranial nerve provides sensory innervation to the face?
_____________________________________________________________
a. What branch of this nerve innervates the skin over the eyebrow?
______________________________________________________
1) Which opening in the middle cranial fossa contains the axons
of this nerve branch?
________________________________________________
b. What branch of this nerve innervates the skin over the maxilla?
_______________________________________________________
1) Which opening in the middle cranial fossa contains the axons of
this nerve branch?
_________________________________________________
c. What branch of this nerve innervates the skin over the mental protuberance?
________________________________________________________
1) Which opening in the middle cranial fossa contains the axons of
this nerve branch?
_________________________________________________
27. What foramen transmits the axons of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
______________________________________________________________
28. What striated (skeletal) muscle is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve?
______________________________________________________________
29. What special sensory functions are mediated by the glossopharyngeal nerve?
a. _______________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________
30. What foramen transmits the axons of the vagus nerve?
______________________________________________________________
31. What striated muscles are innervated by the vagus nerve?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
32. What is the effect of the vagus nerve on heart rate?
_____________________________________________________________
33. What is the effect of the vagus nerve on gastric and intestinal motility?
_____________________________________________________________
34. What special sensory functions are mediated by the vagus nerve?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
35. What two foramina transmit the axons of the spinal accessory nerve?
a. _____________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________
36. What muscles are innervated by the spinal accessory nerve?
a. _____________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________
37. What foramen transmits the axons of the hypoglossal nerve?
___________________________________________________________
38. What muscle innervated by the hypoglossal nerve is primarily involved in protrusion of the tongue?
___________________________________________________________
39. What cranial nerve exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen?
___________________________________________________________
40. Through what foramen does the facial nerve enter the skull (exit the posterior cranial fossa)?
___________________________________________________________
41. Through what foramen does the facial nerve exit the skull?
___________________________________________________________
42. What are the five terminal branches of the facial nerve that emerge from the substance of the parotid gland?
a. ____________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________
e. ____________________________________________________
43. What two (2) nerves form the nerve of the pterygoid canal (Vidian nerve)?
a. _____________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________
44. What cranial nerve gives rise to the chorda tympani?
____________________________________________________________
45. What cranial nerve gives rise to the greater superficial petrosal nerve?
____________________________________________________________
46. What cranial nerve gives rise to the tympanic nerve?
____________________________________________________________
47. What two (2) nerves provide sensory innervation to the meninges surrounding the brain?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
48. Other than the muscles of mastication and the muscles of the scalp, what four (4) skeletal muscles are innervated by the trigeminal nerve?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________
49. Other than the muscles of facial expression and the auricular muscles, what three (3) skeletal muscles are innervated by the facial nerve?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
50. Which intracranial foramina transmits the axons of the ophthalmic nerve?
_____________________________________________________________
51. Which intracranial foramina transmits the axons of the maxillary nerve?
_____________________________________________________________
52. Which intracranial foramina transmits the axons of the mandibular nerve?
_____________________________________________________________
53. Which intracranial foramina transmits the axons of the optic nerve?
_____________________________________________________________
54. What three (3) cranial nerves pass through the internal auditory (acoustic) meatus?
a. _____________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________
55. What nerve passes through the mandibular foramen?
___________________________________________________________
56. What autonomic ganglion is located in the orbit?
___________________________________________________________
57. What autonomic ganglion is located in the pterygopalatine fossa?
___________________________________________________________
58. What autonomic ganglion is located immediately below the foramen ovale?
___________________________________________________________
59. What autonomic ganglion is located in the floor of the mouth?
___________________________________________________________
60. What nerve passes from the infratemporal fossa to the orbit by way of the inferior orbital fissure?
___________________________________________________________
61. What artery lies in the cavernous sinus?
___________________________________________________________
62. What nerve passes through the cavernous sinus?
___________________________________________________________
63. What nerve passes through the sphenopalatine foramen?
___________________________________________________________
64. What artery passes into the pterygopalatine fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure?
___________________________________________________________
65. What nerve exits the skull by way of th stylomastoid foramen?
___________________________________________________________
66. Which cranial nerve gives rise to parasympathetic fibers that are part of the lesser petrosal nerve?
___________________________________________________________
67. Which cranial nerve gives rise to parasympathetic fibers that are part of the Tympanic nerve?
___________________________________________________________
68. Where are the postganglionic parasympathetic nerve cell bodies that receive synaptic input from the fibers of the lesser petrosal nerve?
___________________________________________________________
69. What nerve emerges from the mental foramen?
___________________________________________________________
70. The glabella is a feature of what bone?
___________________________________________________________
71. The cribriform plate is a feature of what bone?
___________________________________________________________
72. The sella turcica is a feature of what bone?
_____________________________________________________________
73. The styloid process is a feature of what bone?
_____________________________________________________________
74. What two (2) bones form the clivus?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
75. What veins transmit blood from the scalp to the dural venous sinuses?
_____________________________________________________________
76. What veins are located between the inner and outer layers of the calvarium?
_____________________________________________________________
77. What two (2) venous structures merge to form the straight sinus?
_____________________________________________________________
78. What nerve exits the skull by way of the petrotympanic fissure?
_____________________________________________________________
Answer Key
1. a. occipital bone
b. parietal bone
2. a. frontal bone
b. parietal bone
3. a. zygomatic bone
b. temporal bone
4. a. frontal bone
b. parietal bone
c. temporal bone
d. sphenoid bone
5. approximately 18 months
6. falx cerebri
7. tentorium cerebelli
8. a. skin
b. dense connective tissue
c. epicranial aponeurosis
d. loose connective tissue
e. periosteum (pericranuim)
9. a. facial artery
b. lingual artery
c. superficial temporal artery
d. superior thyroid artery
e. maxillary artery
10. facial artery
11. a. superior sagittal sinus
b. inferior sagittal sinus
c. superior petrosal sinus
d. cavernous sinus
e. straight sinus
12. a. inferior petrosal sinus
b. sigmoid sinus
13. vertebral artery
14. middle meningeal artery
15. a. right anterior cerebral artery
b. left anterior cerebral artery
16. a. middle cerebral artery
b. posterior cerebral artery
17. a. ophthalmic artery
b. anterior choroidal artery
c. posterior communicating artery
d. middle cerebral artery
e. anterior cerebral artery
18. facial nerve
19. a. temporalis
b. masseter
c. lateral pterygoid
d. medial pterygoid
20. a. ophthalmic nerve
b. maxillary nerve
c. mandibular nerve
21. glossopharyngeal nerve
a. otic ganglion
22. facial nerve
a. submandibular ganglion
23. facial nerve
a. pterygopalatine ganglion
24. facial nerve
25. trigeminal nerve
26. trigeminal nerve
a. ophthalmic nerve
1) superior orbital fissure
b. maxillary nerve
1) foramen rotundum
c. mandibular nerve
1) foramen ovale
27. jugular foramen
28. stylopharyngeus
29. a. taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue
b. arterial pressure measured at the carotid sinus
30. jugular foramen
31. a. laryngeal muscles
b. upper third of the pharyngeal constrictors
32. slowing of heart rate
33. increased motility
34. a. blood gas monitoring at carotid body
b. taste from the epiglottis
35. a. foramen magnum
b. jugular foramen
36. a sternocleidomastoid
b. trapezius
37. hypoglossal canal
38. genioglossus
39. facial nerve
40. internal auditory (acoustic) meatus
41. stylomastoid foramen
42. a. temporal branch
b. zygomatic branch
c. buccal branch
d. marginal mandibular branch
e. cervical branch
43. a. greater superficial petrosal nerve
b. deep petrosal nerve
44. facial nerve (nervus intermedius)
45. facial nerve (nervus intermedius)
46. glossopharyngeal nerve
47. a. trigeminal
b. vagus
48. a. tensor tympani
b. tensor veli palatini
c. anterior belly of the digastric
d. mylohyoid
49. a. posterior belly of the digastric
b. stapedius
c. stylohyoid
50. superior orbital fissure
51. foramen rotundum
52. foramen ovale
53. optic foramen
54. a. facial nerve
b. vestibular nerve
c. cochlear nerve
55. inferior alveolar nerve
56. ciliary ganglion
57. pterygopalatine ganglion
58. otic ganglion
59. submandibular ganglion
60. maxillary nerve
61. internal carotid artery
62. abducens nerve
63. nasopalatine nerve
64. maxillary artery
65. facial nerve
66. glossopharyngeal nerve
67. glossopharyngeal nerve
68. otic ganglion
69. mental nerve
70. frontal bone
71. ethmoid bone
72. sphenoid bone
73. temporal bone
74. a. sphenoid bone
b. occipital bone
75. emissary veins
76. diploic veins
77. a. great vein of Galen
b. inferior sagittal sinus
78. chorda tympani
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