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Economics: RBI Policy, Gold Rally, Oil Markets, and Rupee Dynamics

By Kateule Sydney
Economics: RBI Policy, Gold Rally, Oil Markets, and Rupee Dynamics Last Verified: 2026-08-06 | Author: Kateule Sydney | Published by E-cyclopedia Resources | Topic: Economics Global economics and financial markets respond to central bank policies, commodity price movements, and geopolitical developments Summary: Global economics and financial markets are navigating a complex landscape of central bank policy shifts, commodity price volatility, and geopolitical developments. The RBI held rates at 5.25% while revising GDP growth upward and inflation downward. Gold surged to $4,361 on a weaker dollar and falling yields, while oil remained subdued near $79 as US-Iran talks progressed. India's 10-year bond yields steadied at 6.80% and the rupee held at 95.13 against the dollar. Table of Contents Chapter 1 — RBI Monetary Policy: Rates, Growth, and Inflation Forecasts Chapter 2 — Gold Surges to Record Highs on Dollar...
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Human Anatomy Self-Assessment Review Questions and answers

By Kateule Sydney
A labelled diagram of the upper respiratory tract.


Mouth and Pharynx

1. What are the two (2) main muscles are used to close the mouth?

a. ______________________________________________________

b. ______________________________________________________ 

2. What muscle forms the floor of the oral cavity? 

____________________________________________________________

3. What muscle forms that palatoglossal arch?

____________________________________________________________

a. What nerve provides motor innervation to this muscle?

 ______________________________________________________ 

4. What muscle forms the palatopharyngeal arch?

_____________________________________________________________

a. What nerve provides motor innervation to this muscle?

 ______________________________________________________

5. What muscle forms the anterior pillar of the tonsillar fossa? 

_____________________________________________________________

6. What muscle forms the posterior pillar of the tonsillar fossa?

_____________________________________________________________

7. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the mucosal lining of the tonsillar fossa?

 __________________________________________________________

8. What two (2) muscles act on the soft palate?

a. _______________________________________________________

b. _______________________________________________________

9. What nerve provides motor innervation to the superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles? 

_____________________________________________________________

10. What nerve provides motor innervation to the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

_____________________________________________________________

11. What nerve provides motor innervation to MOST of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

_____________________________________________________________

12. Which of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue is NOT innervated like the others?

_____________________________________________________________ 

a. What nerve provides motor innervation to this muscle? 

 _______________________________________________________ 

13. What nerve innervates mechanical and thermal receptors on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

_____________________________________________________________

14. What nerve innervates mechanical and thermal receptors on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

_____________________________________________________________

15. What nerve innervates taste buds on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue? 

_____________________________________________________________ 

16. What nerve innervates taste buds on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? 

_____________________________________________________________

17. What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the submandibular salivary glands?

_____________________________________________________________ 

18. What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the parotid salivary glands?

___________________________________________________________ 

19. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the gingiva of the maxillary teeth?

___________________________________________________________

20. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the gingiva of the mandibular teeth? 

___________________________________________________________

21. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the mucosa overlying the hard palate?

______________________________________________________

22. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the mucosa overlying the soft palate?

___________________________________________________________ 

23. What feature of the tongue marks the attachment of the thyroglossal duct?

___________________________________________________________

24. What nerve provides motor innervation to each of the following muscles of the pharynx? 

a. palatopharyngeus ________________________________

b. salpingopharyngeus ________________________________

c. stylopharyngeus ________________________________ 

25. What structure lies between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds?

___________________________________________________________

26. What nerve innervates the buccinator muscle? 

___________________________________________________________

27. What are the origins of each of the three (3) pharyngeal constrictors?

a. superior constrictor _________________________________

b. middle constrictor _________________________________ 

c. inferior constrictor _________________________________

28. Name the three (3) pharyngeal muscles other that the constrictor muscles.

a. ____________________________________________________

b. ____________________________________________________

c. ____________________________________________________

29. What tubular structure connects the nasopharynx with the tympanic cavity? 

____________________________________________________________

30. Name the potential space located between the buccopharyngeal fascia and the 

prevertebral fascia. 

____________________________________________________________

Answer Key 

1. a. masseter

b. temporalis

2. mylohyoid

3. palatoglossus

a. vagus nerve

4. palatopharyngeus

a. vagus nerve

5. palatoglossus

6. palatopharyngeus

7. glossopharyngeal nerve

8. a. levator veli palatine

b. tensor veli palatine

9. vagus nerve

10. hypoglossal nerve

11. hypoglossal nerve

12. palatoglossus

a. vagus nerve

13. trigeminal nerve

14. glossopharyngeal nerve

15. glossopharyngeal nerve 

16. glossopharyngeal nerve

17. facial nerve

18. glossopharyngeal nerve

19. maxillary nerve (trigeminal V2)

20. mandibular nerve (trigeminal V3)

21. greater palatine nerve 

22. lesser palatine nerve

23. foramen cecum 

24. a. vagus nerve

b. vagus nerve

c. glossopharyngeal nerve

25. palatine tonsil

26. facial nerve

27. a. pterygomandibular raphe

b. hyoid bone

c. thyroid cartilage

28. a. stylopharyngeus

b. palatopharyngeus

c. salpingopharyngeus

29. eustation (auditory or pharyngotympanic) tube 

30. retropharyngeal space

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