Traditional Medicine in Wellness Trends Last Verified: 2026-06-10 | Author: Kateule Sydney | Published by E-cyclopedia Resources Turmeric and ginger — two golden roots named 2026's top herbs for their healing properties Summary: Traditional medicine is experiencing unprecedented global growth, with 88% of people worldwide relying on traditional and complementary medicine for primary healthcare. The global herbal medicine market is valued at USD 195.6 billion in 2025 and projected to reach USD 508.9 billion by 2034. At the 79th World Health Assembly (WHA79) in May 2026, traditional medicine was highlighted as a critical lever for global health transformation, with WHO emphasizing that 90% of countries report traditional medicine use by 40-90% of their populations. Table of Contents Chapter 1 — Global Policy Shift: WHO and Traditional Medicine Chapter 2 — Market Trends and Consumer Drivers Chapter 3 — Ancestr...
- Back and Spine
- Upper Limb
- Lower Limb
- Thoracic Wall ,Pleura and Lungs
- Mediastinum
- Abdomen
- Pelvis and Perineum
- Head and Face
Mouth and Pharynx
1. What are the two (2) main muscles are used to close the mouth?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
2. What muscle forms the floor of the oral cavity?
____________________________________________________________
3. What muscle forms that palatoglossal arch?
____________________________________________________________
a. What nerve provides motor innervation to this muscle?
______________________________________________________
4. What muscle forms the palatopharyngeal arch?
_____________________________________________________________
a. What nerve provides motor innervation to this muscle?
______________________________________________________
5. What muscle forms the anterior pillar of the tonsillar fossa?
_____________________________________________________________
6. What muscle forms the posterior pillar of the tonsillar fossa?
_____________________________________________________________
7. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the mucosal lining of the tonsillar fossa?
__________________________________________________________
8. What two (2) muscles act on the soft palate?
a. _______________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________
9. What nerve provides motor innervation to the superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles?
_____________________________________________________________
10. What nerve provides motor innervation to the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
_____________________________________________________________
11. What nerve provides motor innervation to MOST of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
_____________________________________________________________
12. Which of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue is NOT innervated like the others?
_____________________________________________________________
a. What nerve provides motor innervation to this muscle?
_______________________________________________________
13. What nerve innervates mechanical and thermal receptors on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
_____________________________________________________________
14. What nerve innervates mechanical and thermal receptors on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
_____________________________________________________________
15. What nerve innervates taste buds on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
_____________________________________________________________
16. What nerve innervates taste buds on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
_____________________________________________________________
17. What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the submandibular salivary glands?
_____________________________________________________________
18. What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the parotid salivary glands?
___________________________________________________________
19. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the gingiva of the maxillary teeth?
___________________________________________________________
20. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the gingiva of the mandibular teeth?
___________________________________________________________
21. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the mucosa overlying the hard palate?
______________________________________________________
22. What nerve provides sensory innervation to the mucosa overlying the soft palate?
___________________________________________________________
23. What feature of the tongue marks the attachment of the thyroglossal duct?
___________________________________________________________
24. What nerve provides motor innervation to each of the following muscles of the pharynx?
a. palatopharyngeus ________________________________
b. salpingopharyngeus ________________________________
c. stylopharyngeus ________________________________
25. What structure lies between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds?
___________________________________________________________
26. What nerve innervates the buccinator muscle?
___________________________________________________________
27. What are the origins of each of the three (3) pharyngeal constrictors?
a. superior constrictor _________________________________
b. middle constrictor _________________________________
c. inferior constrictor _________________________________
28. Name the three (3) pharyngeal muscles other that the constrictor muscles.
a. ____________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________
29. What tubular structure connects the nasopharynx with the tympanic cavity?
____________________________________________________________
30. Name the potential space located between the buccopharyngeal fascia and the
prevertebral fascia.
____________________________________________________________
Answer Key
1. a. masseter
b. temporalis
2. mylohyoid
3. palatoglossus
a. vagus nerve
4. palatopharyngeus
a. vagus nerve
5. palatoglossus
6. palatopharyngeus
7. glossopharyngeal nerve
8. a. levator veli palatine
b. tensor veli palatine
9. vagus nerve
10. hypoglossal nerve
11. hypoglossal nerve
12. palatoglossus
a. vagus nerve
13. trigeminal nerve
14. glossopharyngeal nerve
15. glossopharyngeal nerve
16. glossopharyngeal nerve
17. facial nerve
18. glossopharyngeal nerve
19. maxillary nerve (trigeminal V2)
20. mandibular nerve (trigeminal V3)
21. greater palatine nerve
22. lesser palatine nerve
23. foramen cecum
24. a. vagus nerve
b. vagus nerve
c. glossopharyngeal nerve
25. palatine tonsil
26. facial nerve
27. a. pterygomandibular raphe
b. hyoid bone
c. thyroid cartilage
28. a. stylopharyngeus
b. palatopharyngeus
c. salpingopharyngeus
29. eustation (auditory or pharyngotympanic) tube
30. retropharyngeal space
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