Thoracic Wall
1. Name the three (3) parts of the sternum.
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
2. Which rib attaches anteriorly at the level of the sternal angle (angle of Louis)?
____________________________________________________________
3. Which ribs are defined as vertebra-sternal ribs?
____________________________________________________________
4. At rest, what vertebral body would be crossed by a horizontal line extending posteriorly from the xiphisternal joint?
____________________________________________________________
5. Which spinal nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the nipple?
____________________________________________________________
6. In the midaxillary line, the intercostal vessels and nerves are located between which two intercostal muscles?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
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7. Name the artery that is the origin of each of the arteries listed below.
a. anterior intercostal art. ______________________
b. posterior intercostal art. ______________________
8. Which set of posterior intercostal arteries (left or right) passes laterally, across the vertebral body to reach the intercostal space?
_____________________________________________________________
9. The intercostal vessels and nerve lie in the costal groove. What is the order of these structures from superior to inferior?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
10. What is the action of each of the muscles listed below?
a. serratus posterior inferior ___________________________
b. serratus posterior superior ___________________________
11. The female breast receives its arterial blood supply by way of the medial and lateral mammary arteries. What is the origin of each of these two sets of vessels?
a. lateral mammary art ___________________________
b. medial mammary art ___________________________
12. What are the two (2) terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
13. At rest, what vertebral body would be crossed by a horizontal line extending posteriorly from the sternal angle?
_____________________________________________________________
14. Which costal cartilage marks the point where the internal thoracic artery divides into its two (2) terminal branches?
_____________________________________________________________
Pleura and Lungs
1. Name the four (4) parts of the parietal pleura.
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________
2. What structure passes over the top of the hilum of the lung on the right side?
____________________________________________________________
3. What structure passes over the top of the hilum of the lung on the left side?
____________________________________________________________
4. What is the name of the pleural structure that extends inferiorly from the root of the lung to the diaphragm?
____________________________________________________________
5. At what vertebral level does the trachea divide into main stem bronchi?
____________________________________________________________
6. Into what vessel do each of the following veins drain into?
a. left bronchial vein ___________________________
b. right bronchial vein ___________________________
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7. Which main stem bronchus is wider?
____________________________________________________________
8. Indicate the rib overlying the pleural reflection in the:
a. midclavicular line _____________________________________
b. midaxillary line _____________________________________
c. midscapular line _____________________________________
9. Which costal cartilage marks the point where the pleural reflection moves laterally beneath the body of the sternum on the right side?
_______________________________________________________________
10. Which costal cartilage marks the point where the pleural reflection moves laterally beneath the body of the sternum on the right side?
_______________________________________________________________
11. Which rib overlies the lung boundary in the:
a. midclavicular line _____________________________________
b. midaxillary line _____________________________________
c. midscapular line _____________________________________
12. Which costal cartilage marks the point where the medial edge of the right lung moves laterally beneath the body of the sternum?
_______________________________________________________________
13. Which costal cartilage marks the point where the medial edge of the left lung moves laterally beneath the body of the sternum?
_______________________________________________________________
14. The oblique fissure lies parallel to a line connecting the:
a. ___________________ spinous process posteriorly
b. ___________________ rib in the midaxillary line
c. ___________________ costal cartilage anteriorly
15. The horizontal fissure lies parallel to a line interconnecting the:
a. __________________ in the midaxillary line laterally
b. __________________ costal cartilage anteriorly
16. What spinal cord segments give rise to the phrenic nerve?
___________________________________________________________
17. Which lobe of the lung is aerated by the eparterial bronchus?
___________________________________________________________
18. In the root of the neck, the phrenic nerve lies on the anterior surface of what muscle?
___________________________________________________________
19. The phrenic nerve lies (anterior / posterior) to the root of the lung as it descends toward the diaphragm?
___________________________________________________________
20. What vessels accompany the phrenic nerve as it passes the root of the lung?
___________________________________________________________
Answer Key
Thoracic Wall
1. a. manubrium
b body
c. xiphoid process
2. 2nd rib
3. ribs 1-7
4. T5
5. T4
6. a. innermost intercostal
b. internal intercostal
7. a. internal thoracic artery
b. aorta
8. right
9. a. vein
b. artery
c. nerve
10. a. depresses lower ribs
b. elevates upper ribs
11. a. lateral thoracic artery
b. internal thoracic artery
12. a. musculophrenic artery
b. superior epigastric artery
13. T4/T5
14. 6th costal cartilage
Pleura and Lungs
1. a. costal pleura
b. mediastinal pleura
c. diaphragmatic pleura
d. cervical pleura
2. azygos vein
3. arch of the aorta
4. pulmonary ligament
5. T4 – T5
6. a. accessory hemiazygos vein
b. azygos v.
7. right
8. a. 8th rib
b. 10th rib
c. 12th rib
9. 6th costal cartilage
10. 4th costal cartilage
11. a. 6th rib
b. 8th rib
c. 10th rib
12. 6th costal cartilage
13. 4th costal cartilage
14. a. T3
b. 5th
c. 6th123
15. a. 5th rib
b. 4th
16. C3, C4, C5
17. right superior lobe
18. anterior scalene
19. anterior (the phrenic nerve lies anterior to the root of the lung)
20. pericardiophrenic artery and vein