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Competition law , known as antitrust law in the United States, regulates the conduct of businesses to prevent practices that distort or undermine the competitive process. Its core objectives are to protect consumer welfare , ensure a level playing field for businesses, and promote overall market efficiency . This body of law prohibits a range of anti-competitive activities, which can be broadly categorized as: Monopolization and Abuse of Dominance : The unlawful acquisition or maintenance of market power by a single firm. Anti-competitive Agreements : Contracts, arrangements, or understandings between two or more firms that restrain trade, such as cartels or market-sharing pacts. Tying and Exclusive Arrangements : Practices where a firm conditions the sale of one product on the purchase of another, or requires a buyer to deal exclusively with it. The two landmark cases in this chapter—one from the United States and one from the European Union—illustrate how different jurisdiction...